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php实现医院挂号

2026-02-15 11:04:15PHP

PHP实现医院挂号系统

数据库设计

创建数据库表结构是挂号系统的核心部分。主要需要以下表：

患者表（patients）：存储患者基本信息
医生表（doctors）：存储医生信息
科室表（departments）：存储医院科室信息
排班表（schedules）：存储医生排班信息
挂号表（registrations）：存储挂号记录

CREATE TABLE patients (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    gender ENUM('男','女') NOT NULL,
    birth_date DATE,
    phone VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    id_card VARCHAR(18) NOT NULL UNIQUE
);

CREATE TABLE doctors (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    department_id INT,
    title VARCHAR(50),
    FOREIGN KEY (department_id) REFERENCES departments(id)
);

CREATE TABLE departments (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    description TEXT
);

CREATE TABLE schedules (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    doctor_id INT NOT NULL,
    date DATE NOT NULL,
    time_slot ENUM('上午','下午','晚上') NOT NULL,
    max_patients INT DEFAULT 30,
    FOREIGN KEY (doctor_id) REFERENCES doctors(id)
);

CREATE TABLE registrations (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    patient_id INT NOT NULL,
    schedule_id INT NOT NULL,
    registration_time DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    status ENUM('待就诊','已就诊','已取消') DEFAULT '待就诊',
    FOREIGN KEY (patient_id) REFERENCES patients(id),
    FOREIGN KEY (schedule_id) REFERENCES schedules(id)
);

患者注册与登录

实现患者注册和登录功能，使用PHP和MySQLi：

// 数据库连接
$conn = new mysqli('localhost', 'username', 'password', 'hospital');

// 患者注册
function registerPatient($name, $gender, $birth_date, $phone, $id_card, $password) {
    global $conn;
    $hashed_password = password_hash($password, PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
    $stmt = $conn->prepare("INSERT INTO patients (name, gender, birth_date, phone, id_card, password) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)");
    $stmt->bind_param("ssssss", $name, $gender, $birth_date, $phone, $id_card, $hashed_password);
    return $stmt->execute();
}

// 患者登录
function loginPatient($id_card, $password) {
    global $conn;
    $stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT id, password FROM patients WHERE id_card = ?");
    $stmt->bind_param("s", $id_card);
    $stmt->execute();
    $result = $stmt->get_result();
    if($result->num_rows == 1) {
        $patient = $result->fetch_assoc();
        if(password_verify($password, $patient['password'])) {
            return $patient['id'];
        }
    }
    return false;
}

挂号功能实现

实现患者挂号功能，包括查询可挂号医生和提交挂号：

php实现医院挂号

// 查询可挂号医生排班
function getAvailableSchedules($department_id = null, $date = null) {
    global $conn;
    $query = "SELECT s.*, d.name AS doctor_name, dep.name AS department_name 
              FROM schedules s 
              JOIN doctors d ON s.doctor_id = d.id 
              JOIN departments dep ON d.department_id = dep.id
              WHERE s.date >= CURDATE()";

    if($department_id) {
        $query .= " AND d.department_id = $department_id";
    }
    if($date) {
        $query .= " AND s.date = '$date'";
    }

    $query .= " AND (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM registrations r WHERE r.schedule_id = s.id AND r.status != '已取消') < s.max_patients
               ORDER BY s.date, s.time_slot";

    $result = $conn->query($query);
    return $result->fetch_all(MYSQLI_ASSOC);
}

// 提交挂号
function registerAppointment($patient_id, $schedule_id) {
    global $conn;
    $stmt = $conn->prepare("INSERT INTO registrations (patient_id, schedule_id) VALUES (?, ?)");
    $stmt->bind_param("ii", $patient_id, $schedule_id);
    return $stmt->execute();
}

挂号记录查询

实现患者查询自己的挂号记录：

// 查询患者挂号记录
function getPatientRegistrations($patient_id) {
    global $conn;
    $stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT r.*, d.name AS doctor_name, dep.name AS department_name, s.date, s.time_slot
                          FROM registrations r
                          JOIN schedules s ON r.schedule_id = s.id
                          JOIN doctors d ON s.doctor_id = d.id
                          JOIN departments dep ON d.department_id = dep.id
                          WHERE r.patient_id = ?
                          ORDER BY s.date DESC");
    $stmt->bind_param("i", $patient_id);
    $stmt->execute();
    $result = $stmt->get_result();
    return $result->fetch_all(MYSQLI_ASSOC);
}

取消挂号功能

实现患者取消挂号功能：

php实现医院挂号

// 取消挂号
function cancelRegistration($registration_id) {
    global $conn;
    $stmt = $conn->prepare("UPDATE registrations SET status = '已取消' WHERE id = ? AND status = '待就诊'");
    $stmt->bind_param("i", $registration_id);
    return $stmt->execute();
}