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php搜索功能的实现

2026-02-27 14:09:31PHP

PHP 搜索功能的实现

基础搜索实现

使用 SQL 的 LIKE 语句实现基础搜索功能，适用于小型网站或简单需求。核心代码示例：

$searchTerm = $_GET['search'];
$query = "SELECT * FROM products WHERE name LIKE '%$searchTerm%'";
$result = mysqli_query($connection, $query);

全文索引搜索

对于更高效的搜索，可在 MySQL 中使用全文索引：

ALTER TABLE products ADD FULLTEXT(name, description);

$query = "SELECT * FROM products 
          WHERE MATCH(name, description) AGAINST('$searchTerm')";

分页处理

实现搜索结果分页功能：

$perPage = 10;
$page = isset($_GET['page']) ? (int)$_GET['page'] : 1;
$offset = ($page - 1) * $perPage;

$query = "SELECT * FROM products 
          WHERE name LIKE '%$searchTerm%' 
          LIMIT $offset, $perPage";

安全防护

防止 SQL 注入攻击：

$searchTerm = mysqli_real_escape_string($connection, $_GET['search']);
// 或使用预处理语句
$stmt = $connection->prepare("SELECT * FROM products WHERE name LIKE ?");
$searchParam = "%$searchTerm%";
$stmt->bind_param("s", $searchParam);
$stmt->execute();

高级搜索功能

实现多条件组合搜索：

$filters = [];
if(!empty($_GET['category'])) {
    $filters[] = "category_id = ".(int)$_GET['category'];
}
if(!empty($_GET['price_min'])) {
    $filters[] = "price >= ".(float)$_GET['price_min'];
}

$where = !empty($filters) ? 'WHERE '.implode(' AND ', $filters) : '';
$query = "SELECT * FROM products $where";

搜索结果高亮

在显示结果时高亮搜索关键词：

function highlight($text, $word) {
    return preg_replace("/($word)/i", '<span class="highlight">$1</span>', $text);
}
echo highlight($row['name'], $searchTerm);

使用搜索引擎扩展

对于大型网站，可集成 Elasticsearch 或 Algolia 等专业搜索服务：

// Elasticsearch 示例
$client = Elasticsearch\ClientBuilder::create()->build();
$params = [
    'index' => 'products',
    'body' => [
        'query' => [
            'match' => [
                'name' => $searchTerm
            ]
        ]
    ]
];
$response = $client->search($params);

搜索建议功能

实现自动完成搜索建议：

$query = "SELECT name FROM products 
          WHERE name LIKE '$searchTerm%' 
          LIMIT 5";
$result = mysqli_query($connection, $query);
$suggestions = [];
while($row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result)) {
    $suggestions[] = $row['name'];
}
echo json_encode($suggestions);

搜索日志记录

记录用户搜索行为用于分析：

if(!empty($searchTerm)) {
    $ip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
    $logQuery = "INSERT INTO search_logs (term, ip, created_at) 
                 VALUES ('$searchTerm', '$ip', NOW())";
    mysqli_query($connection, $logQuery);
}

php搜索功能的实现