当前位置：首页 > React

react hook如何通信

2026-02-26 09:40:47React

React Hook 通信方法

React Hook 提供了多种方式实现组件间的通信，以下为常见方法：

useState + Props 父组件通过 useState 管理状态，子组件通过 props 接收数据和回调函数。

// 父组件
const Parent = () => {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
  return <Child count={count} onIncrement={() => setCount(c => c + 1)} />;
};

// 子组件
const Child = ({ count, onIncrement }) => {
  return <button onClick={onIncrement}>Count: {count}</button>;
};

useContext 通过 Context API 实现跨层级组件通信，适合全局状态共享。

const CountContext = createContext();

// 父组件
const Parent = () => {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
  return (
    <CountContext.Provider value={{ count, setCount }}>
      <Child />
    </CountContext.Provider>
  );
};

// 子组件
const Child = () => {
  const { count, setCount } = useContext(CountContext);
  return <button onClick={() => setCount(c => c + 1)}>Count: {count}</button>;
};

useReducer + Context 复杂状态管理场景下，结合 useReducer 和 Context 实现状态逻辑集中处理。

const CountContext = createContext();

// 父组件
const reducer = (state, action) => {
  switch (action.type) {
    case 'increment': return { count: state.count + 1 };
    default: throw new Error();
  }
};

const Parent = () => {
  const [state, dispatch] = useReducer(reducer, { count: 0 });
  return (
    <CountContext.Provider value={{ state, dispatch }}>
      <Child />
    </CountContext.Provider>
  );
};

// 子组件
const Child = () => {
  const { state, dispatch } = useContext(CountContext);
  return <button onClick={() => dispatch({ type: 'increment' })}>
    Count: {state.count}
  </button>;
};

自定义 Hook 封装共享逻辑为自定义 Hook，实现多组件复用相同状态逻辑。

const useCounter = () => {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
  const increment = () => setCount(c => c + 1);
  return { count, increment };
};

// 组件A
const ComponentA = () => {
  const { count, increment } = useCounter();
  return <button onClick={increment}>A: {count}</button>;
};

// 组件B
const ComponentB = () => {
  const { count, increment } = useCounter();
  return <button onClick={increment}>B: {count}</button>;
};

第三方状态库 对于大型应用，可使用 Redux、Zustand 或 MobX 等库管理全局状态。

// 使用 Zustand 示例
import create from 'zustand';

const useStore = create(set => ({
  count: 0,
  increment: () => set(state => ({ count: state.count + 1 }))
}));

// 组件
const Counter = () => {
  const { count, increment } = useStore();
  return <button onClick={increment}>Count: {count}</button>;
};