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php实现考勤功能

2026-02-16 21:56:19PHP

实现考勤功能的基本流程

考勤功能通常包括员工签到、签退、请假申请、考勤统计等模块。以下是使用PHP实现考勤功能的关键步骤。

数据库设计

创建数据库表存储考勤相关数据。常见的表包括：

employees（员工信息表）：存储员工ID、姓名、部门等基本信息。
attendance（考勤记录表）：记录员工的签到、签退时间。
leave_requests（请假申请表）：存储员工的请假申请信息。

示例SQL语句：

CREATE TABLE employees (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    department VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
);

CREATE TABLE attendance (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    employee_id INT NOT NULL,
    check_in DATETIME,
    check_out DATETIME,
    FOREIGN KEY (employee_id) REFERENCES employees(id)
);

CREATE TABLE leave_requests (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    employee_id INT NOT NULL,
    start_date DATE NOT NULL,
    end_date DATE NOT NULL,
    reason TEXT,
    status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'pending',
    FOREIGN KEY (employee_id) REFERENCES employees(id)
);

签到与签退功能

使用PHP处理签到和签退请求。以下是一个简单的实现示例：

<?php
// 连接数据库
$db = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=attendance_system', 'username', 'password');

// 签到
if (isset($_POST['check_in'])) {
    $employeeId = $_POST['employee_id'];
    $currentTime = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');

    $stmt = $db->prepare("INSERT INTO attendance (employee_id, check_in) VALUES (?, ?)");
    $stmt->execute([$employeeId, $currentTime]);
}

// 签退
if (isset($_POST['check_out'])) {
    $employeeId = $_POST['employee_id'];
    $currentTime = date('Y-m-d H:i:s');

    $stmt = $db->prepare("UPDATE attendance SET check_out = ? WHERE employee_id = ? AND check_out IS NULL");
    $stmt->execute([$currentTime, $employeeId]);
}
?>

请假申请功能

员工可以提交请假申请，管理员可以审批请假申请。

<?php
// 提交请假申请
if (isset($_POST['submit_leave'])) {
    $employeeId = $_POST['employee_id'];
    $startDate = $_POST['start_date'];
    $endDate = $_POST['end_date'];
    $reason = $_POST['reason'];

    $stmt = $db->prepare("INSERT INTO leave_requests (employee_id, start_date, end_date, reason) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)");
    $stmt->execute([$employeeId, $startDate, $endDate, $reason]);
}

// 审批请假申请
if (isset($_POST['approve_leave'])) {
    $leaveId = $_POST['leave_id'];
    $status = $_POST['status'];

    $stmt = $db->prepare("UPDATE leave_requests SET status = ? WHERE id = ?");
    $stmt->execute([$status, $leaveId]);
}
?>

考勤统计功能

生成考勤报表，统计员工的出勤情况。

<?php
// 获取某员工的考勤记录
function getAttendanceRecords($employeeId) {
    global $db;
    $stmt = $db->prepare("SELECT * FROM attendance WHERE employee_id = ?");
    $stmt->execute([$employeeId]);
    return $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
}

// 统计某月的出勤天数
function getMonthlyAttendance($employeeId, $month, $year) {
    global $db;
    $startDate = "$year-$month-01";
    $endDate = "$year-$month-31";

    $stmt = $db->prepare("SELECT COUNT(*) AS days_present FROM attendance WHERE employee_id = ? AND DATE(check_in) BETWEEN ? AND ?");
    $stmt->execute([$employeeId, $startDate, $endDate]);
    return $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)['days_present'];
}
?>

前端界面

使用HTML和CSS创建用户界面，员工和管理员可以通过界面进行签到、签退、请假等操作。

<!-- 签到界面 -->
<form method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="employee_id" value="1">
    <button type="submit" name="check_in">签到</button>
</form>

<!-- 签退界面 -->
<form method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="employee_id" value="1">
    <button type="submit" name="check_out">签退</button>
</form>

<!-- 请假申请界面 -->
<form method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="employee_id" value="1">
    <input type="date" name="start_date" required>
    <input type="date" name="end_date" required>
    <textarea name="reason" placeholder="请假原因" required></textarea>
    <button type="submit" name="submit_leave">提交请假</button>
</form>