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websocket php实现聊天

2026-02-16 14:57:32PHP

使用 PHP 和 WebSocket 实现聊天功能

准备工作

确保服务器支持 WebSocket 协议，安装 PHP 的 WebSocket 库，如 Ratchet。通过 Composer 安装 Ratchet：

composer require cboden/ratchet

创建 WebSocket 服务器

创建一个 PHP 文件（如 server.php），编写 WebSocket 服务器逻辑：

use Ratchet\MessageComponentInterface;
use Ratchet\ConnectionInterface;
use Ratchet\Server\IoServer;
use Ratchet\Http\HttpServer;
use Ratchet\WebSocket\WsServer;

class Chat implements MessageComponentInterface {
    protected $clients;

    public function __construct() {
        $this->clients = new \SplObjectStorage;
    }

    public function onOpen(ConnectionInterface $conn) {
        $this->clients->attach($conn);
        echo "New connection: {$conn->resourceId}\n";
    }

    public function onMessage(ConnectionInterface $from, $msg) {
        foreach ($this->clients as $client) {
            if ($client !== $from) {
                $client->send($msg);
            }
        }
    }

    public function onClose(ConnectionInterface $conn) {
        $this->clients->detach($conn);
        echo "Connection closed: {$conn->resourceId}\n";
    }

    public function onError(ConnectionInterface $conn, \Exception $e) {
        echo "Error: {$e->getMessage()}\n";
        $conn->close();
    }
}

$server = IoServer::factory(
    new HttpServer(new WsServer(new Chat())),
    8080
);
$server->run();

启动服务器

在终端运行以下命令启动 WebSocket 服务器：

php server.php

创建客户端页面

编写 HTML 和 JavaScript 代码，连接到 WebSocket 服务器：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>WebSocket Chat</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="messages"></div>
    <input type="text" id="message" placeholder="Type a message">
    <button onclick="sendMessage()">Send</button>

    <script>
        const socket = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8080');
        socket.onmessage = function(e) {
            document.getElementById('messages').innerHTML += `<p>${e.data}</p>`;
        };

        function sendMessage() {
            const message = document.getElementById('message').value;
            socket.send(message);
            document.getElementById('message').value = '';
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

测试聊天功能

在浏览器中打开客户端页面，输入消息并发送。消息将通过 WebSocket 服务器广播给所有连接的客户端。

部署到生产环境

在生产环境中，建议使用 Nginx 或 Apache 作为反向代理，将 WebSocket 流量转发到 PHP 服务器。配置 Nginx 示例：

location /chat {
    proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header Connection "Upgrade";
}

扩展功能

可以添加用户认证、消息存储、房间分组等功能。例如，修改 Chat 类以支持用户昵称：

public function onMessage(ConnectionInterface $from, $msg) {
    $data = json_decode($msg, true);
    foreach ($this->clients as $client) {
        $client->send(json_encode([
            'user' => $data['user'],
            'message' => $data['message']
        ]));
    }
}