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php实现并发请求

2026-02-16 09:01:40PHP

PHP 实现并发请求的方法

使用 cURL 多线程（Multi-cURL）

cURL 的 multi_* 函数族允许同时发起多个 HTTP 请求。示例代码：

$urls = [
    'https://api.example.com/endpoint1',
    'https://api.example.com/endpoint2'
];

$mh = curl_multi_init();
$handles = [];

foreach ($urls as $url) {
    $ch = curl_init($url);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_multi_add_handle($mh, $ch);
    $handles[] = $ch;
}

$running = null;
do {
    curl_multi_exec($mh, $running);
} while ($running);

$results = [];
foreach ($handles as $ch) {
    $results[] = curl_multi_getcontent($ch);
    curl_multi_remove_handle($mh, $ch);
}

curl_multi_close($mh);

使用 Guzzle 异步请求

Guzzle HTTP 客户端库支持 Promise 模式的并发请求：

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

$client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
$promises = [
    'request1' => $client->getAsync('https://api.example.com/endpoint1'),
    'request2' => $client->getAsync('https://api.example.com/endpoint2')
];

$results = GuzzleHttp\Promise\unwrap($promises);
$response1 = $results['request1']->getBody();
$response2 = $results['request2']->getBody();

使用 Swoole 协程

Swoole 扩展提供了协程支持，可实现高性能并发：

Swoole\Runtime::enableCoroutine();

go(function () {
    $http = new Swoole\Coroutine\Http\Client('api.example.com', 443, true);
    $http->get('/endpoint1');
    $result1 = $http->body;
    $http->close();
});

go(function () {
    $http = new Swoole\Coroutine\Http\Client('api.example.com', 443, true);
    $http->get('/endpoint2');
    $result2 = $http->body;
    $http->close();
});

使用进程控制（PCNTL）

通过 fork 进程实现并行处理：

$urls = ['url1', 'url2'];
$pids = [];

foreach ($urls as $url) {
    $pid = pcntl_fork();
    if ($pid == -1) {
        die('Could not fork');
    } elseif ($pid) {
        $pids[] = $pid;
    } else {
        // 子进程处理
        $result = file_get_contents($url);
        exit();
    }
}

foreach ($pids as $pid) {
    pcntl_waitpid($pid, $status);
}

使用 ReactPHP 事件循环

基于事件驱动的异步编程：

$loop = React\EventLoop\Factory::create();
$client = new React\Http\Browser($loop);

$promises = [
    $client->get('https://api.example.com/endpoint1'),
    $client->get('https://api.example.com/endpoint2')
];

React\Promise\all($promises)->then(function (array $responses) {
    $response1 = $responses[0];
    $response2 = $responses[1];
});

$loop->run();