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web socket实现php

2026-02-16 07:07:22PHP

WebSocket 实现 PHP

WebSocket 是一种在单个 TCP 连接上进行全双工通信的协议，适用于实时应用如聊天、游戏或实时数据更新。在 PHP 中实现 WebSocket 通常需要结合后端服务器和前端 JavaScript。

使用 Ratchet 库实现 WebSocket

Ratchet 是一个流行的 PHP WebSocket 库，基于 ReactPHP 实现。

安装 Ratchet 通过 Composer 安装 Ratchet：

composer require cboden/ratchet

创建 WebSocket 服务器 创建一个 PHP 文件（如 server.php）并编写以下代码：

<?php
use Ratchet\Server\IoServer;
use Ratchet\Http\HttpServer;
use Ratchet\WebSocket\WsServer;
use MyApp\Chat;

require dirname(__DIR__) . '/vendor/autoload.php';

class Chat implements \Ratchet\MessageComponentInterface {
    protected $clients;

    public function __construct() {
        $this->clients = new \SplObjectStorage;
    }

    public function onOpen(\Ratchet\ConnectionInterface $conn) {
        $this->clients->attach($conn);
        echo "New connection: {$conn->resourceId}\n";
    }

    public function onMessage(\Ratchet\ConnectionInterface $from, $msg) {
        foreach ($this->clients as $client) {
            if ($from !== $client) {
                $client->send($msg);
            }
        }
    }

    public function onClose(\Ratchet\ConnectionInterface $conn) {
        $this->clients->detach($conn);
        echo "Connection closed: {$conn->resourceId}\n";
    }

    public function onError(\Ratchet\ConnectionInterface $conn, \Exception $e) {
        echo "Error: {$e->getMessage()}\n";
        $conn->close();
    }
}

$server = IoServer::factory(
    new HttpServer(new WsServer(new Chat())),
    8080
);
$server->run();

运行服务器 在终端执行：

php server.php

前端连接 WebSocket

在前端 JavaScript 中连接 WebSocket 服务器：

<script>
const socket = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8080');

socket.onopen = function(e) {
    console.log('Connected to WebSocket server');
};

socket.onmessage = function(e) {
    console.log('Message from server:', e.data);
};

socket.onclose = function(e) {
    console.log('Connection closed');
};

// 发送消息
function sendMessage() {
    const message = document.getElementById('message').value;
    socket.send(message);
}
</script>

使用 PHP 原生 Socket 实现

对于更底层的实现，可以使用 PHP 的 socket 扩展。

创建 Socket 服务器

<?php
$socket = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, SOL_TCP);
socket_bind($socket, '0.0.0.0', 8080);
socket_listen($socket);

while (true) {
    $client = socket_accept($socket);
    $data = socket_read($client, 1024);

    // 处理 WebSocket 握手
    if (strpos($data, 'Upgrade: websocket') !== false) {
        $headers = explode("\r\n", $data);
        $key = '';
        foreach ($headers as $header) {
            if (strpos($header, 'Sec-WebSocket-Key') !== false) {
                $key = trim(substr($header, 19));
                break;
            }
        }
        $accept = base64_encode(sha1($key . '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11', true));
        $response = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n";
        $response .= "Upgrade: websocket\r\n";
        $response .= "Connection: Upgrade\r\n";
        $response .= "Sec-WebSocket-Accept: $accept\r\n\r\n";
        socket_write($client, $response, strlen($response));
    }

    // 处理消息（需解析 WebSocket 帧）
    // ...
}