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php实现多态手机

2026-02-15 22:36:02PHP

PHP实现多态手机功能

多态是面向对象编程的核心概念之一，允许不同类的对象对同一消息做出响应。以下是PHP实现多态手机功能的几种方法：

通过继承实现多态

定义一个基类Phone，子类通过继承并重写方法实现多态行为：

class Phone {
    public function call() {
        echo "Making a call...\n";
    }
}

class IPhone extends Phone {
    public function call() {
        echo "Making a call via FaceTime...\n";
    }
}

class AndroidPhone extends Phone {
    public function call() {
        echo "Making a call via Google Duo...\n";
    }
}

$phones = [
    new Phone(),
    new IPhone(),
    new AndroidPhone()
];

foreach ($phones as $phone) {
    $phone->call();
}

通过接口实现多态

定义PhoneInterface接口，不同手机类实现该接口：

interface PhoneInterface {
    public function call();
}

class BasicPhone implements PhoneInterface {
    public function call() {
        echo "Basic phone calling...\n";
    }
}

class SmartPhone implements PhoneInterface {
    public function call() {
        echo "Smart phone calling with video...\n";
    }
}

$phones = [
    new BasicPhone(),
    new SmartPhone()
];

foreach ($phones as $phone) {
    $phone->call();
}

使用抽象类实现多态

通过抽象类定义部分实现，子类完成具体实现：

abstract class MobilePhone {
    abstract public function call();

    public function powerOn() {
        echo "Powering on...\n";
    }
}

class FeaturePhone extends MobilePhone {
    public function call() {
        echo "Feature phone making call...\n";
    }
}

class FlagshipPhone extends MobilePhone {
    public function call() {
        echo "Flagship phone making HD call...\n";
    }
}

$phones = [
    new FeaturePhone(),
    new FlagshipPhone()
];

foreach ($phones as $phone) {
    $phone->powerOn();
    $phone->call();
}

使用trait实现代码复用

结合多态和trait实现更灵活的代码组织：

trait CallingTrait {
    public function call() {
        echo "Default calling method...\n";
    }
}

class NokiaPhone {
    use CallingTrait;

    public function call() {
        echo "Nokia making reliable call...\n";
    }
}

class SamsungPhone {
    use CallingTrait;

    public function call() {
        echo "Samsung making crystal clear call...\n";
    }
}

$phones = [
    new NokiaPhone(),
    new SamsungPhone()
];

foreach ($phones as $phone) {
    $phone->call();
}

动态方法调用

使用变量方法名实现更灵活的多态：

class MultiFunctionPhone {
    public function makeCall() {
        echo "Standard call initiated\n";
    }

    public function makeVideoCall() {
        echo "Video call initiated\n";
    }

    public function call($type = 'makeCall') {
        $this->$type();
    }
}

$phone = new MultiFunctionPhone();
$phone->call();          // 默认普通呼叫
$phone->call('makeVideoCall');  // 视频呼叫

以上方法展示了PHP中实现多态的不同方式，可根据具体需求选择最合适的实现方案。

php实现多态手机