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php怎么实现报表

2026-02-15 21:05:22PHP

使用PHP生成报表的方法

PHP可以通过多种方式实现报表功能，包括HTML表格、PDF生成、Excel导出等。以下是几种常见的方法：

HTML表格报表

使用PHP生成HTML表格是最简单的方式，适合在网页上直接显示报表。

<?php
// 假设从数据库获取数据
$data = [
    ['id' => 1, 'name' => '张三', 'sales' => 5000],
    ['id' => 2, 'name' => '李四', 'sales' => 8000]
];

echo '<table border="1">';
echo '<tr><th>ID</th><th>姓名</th><th>销售额</th></tr>';
foreach ($data as $row) {
    echo '<tr>';
    echo '<td>'.$row['id'].'</td>';
    echo '<td>'.$row['name'].'</td>';
    echo '<td>'.$row['sales'].'</td>';
    echo '</tr>';
}
echo '</table>';
?>

使用FPDF生成PDF报表

FPDF是一个流行的PHP库，用于生成PDF文件。

<?php
require('fpdf/fpdf.php');

$pdf = new FPDF();
$pdf->AddPage();
$pdf->SetFont('Arial','B',16);
$pdf->Cell(40,10,'销售报表');
$pdf->Ln();

$pdf->SetFont('Arial','',12);
$pdf->Cell(20,10,'ID',1);
$pdf->Cell(40,10,'姓名',1);
$pdf->Cell(40,10,'销售额',1);
$pdf->Ln();

$data = [
    ['id' => 1, 'name' => '张三', 'sales' => 5000],
    ['id' => 2, 'name' => '李四', 'sales' => 8000]
];

foreach ($data as $row) {
    $pdf->Cell(20,10,$row['id'],1);
    $pdf->Cell(40,10,$row['name'],1);
    $pdf->Cell(40,10,$row['sales'],1);
    $pdf->Ln();
}

$pdf->Output();
?>

使用PHPExcel/PHPSpreadsheet生成Excel报表

PHPExcel已不再维护，推荐使用PHPSpreadsheet。

<?php
require 'vendor/autoload.php';
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;

$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

$sheet->setCellValue('A1', 'ID');
$sheet->setCellValue('B1', '姓名');
$sheet->setCellValue('C1', '销售额');

$data = [
    ['id' => 1, 'name' => '张三', 'sales' => 5000],
    ['id' => 2, 'name' => '李四', 'sales' => 8000]
];

$row = 2;
foreach ($data as $item) {
    $sheet->setCellValue('A'.$row, $item['id']);
    $sheet->setCellValue('B'.$row, $item['name']);
    $sheet->setCellValue('C'.$row, $item['sales']);
    $row++;
}

$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
header('Content-Type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet');
header('Content-Disposition: attachment;filename="report.xlsx"');
header('Cache-Control: max-age=0');
$writer->save('php://output');
?>

使用图表库生成可视化报表

可以使用JpGraph或Chart.js等库生成图表报表。

<?php
require_once ('jpgraph/src/jpgraph.php');
require_once ('jpgraph/src/jpgraph_bar.php');

$data = [5000, 8000, 6500, 4000];
$labels = ['Q1', 'Q2', 'Q3', 'Q4'];

$graph = new Graph(400,300);
$graph->SetScale("textlin");
$graph->title->Set("季度销售报表");

$barplot = new BarPlot($data);
$barplot->value->Show();
$graph->Add($barplot);
$graph->xaxis->SetTickLabels($labels);

$graph->Stroke();
?>

使用数据库查询生成复杂报表

对于需要复杂计算的报表，可以直接在SQL查询中完成。

<?php
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test', 'username', 'password');
$stmt = $pdo->query("
    SELECT 
        YEAR(order_date) as year,
        MONTH(order_date) as month,
        SUM(amount) as total_sales,
        COUNT(*) as order_count
    FROM orders
    GROUP BY YEAR(order_date), MONTH(order_date)
    ORDER BY year, month
");

$results = $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

// 处理结果生成报表...
?>