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php全文检索实现

2026-02-15 07:54:36PHP

PHP全文检索实现方法

使用MySQL全文索引

MySQL自带全文检索功能，适用于中小型应用。需要在表中创建FULLTEXT索引：

ALTER TABLE articles ADD FULLTEXT(title, content);

PHP查询示例：

$searchTerm = "关键词";
$query = "SELECT * FROM articles 
          WHERE MATCH(title, content) AGAINST(:search IN BOOLEAN MODE)";
$stmt = $pdo->prepare($query);
$stmt->bindValue(':search', $searchTerm);
$stmt->execute();

使用Elasticsearch

Elasticsearch是专业的全文搜索引擎，适合大规模数据和高性能需求。

安装Elasticsearch客户端：

composer require elasticsearch/elasticsearch

PHP示例代码：

require 'vendor/autoload.php';
$client = Elasticsearch\ClientBuilder::create()->build();

$params = [
    'index' => 'articles',
    'body' => [
        'query' => [
            'match' => [
                'content' => '搜索词'
            ]
        ]
    ]
];

$response = $client->search($params);

使用Sphinx搜索引擎

Sphinx是高性能的独立搜索引擎，支持实时索引。

配置文件示例：

source articles {
    type = mysql
    sql_host = localhost
    sql_user = user
    sql_pass = password
    sql_db = database
    sql_query = SELECT id, title, content FROM articles
}

index articles {
    source = articles
    path = /var/data/articles
    docinfo = extern
    mlock = 0
    morphology = stem_en
    min_word_len = 2
}

searchd {
    listen = 9312
    log = /var/log/sphinxsearch/searchd.log
    query_log = /var/log/sphinxsearch/query.log
}

PHP连接示例：

$sphinx = new SphinxClient();
$sphinx->SetServer("localhost", 9312);
$result = $sphinx->Query("搜索词", "articles");

使用Solr

Solr是基于Lucene的企业级搜索平台，功能强大。

PHP集成示例：

$options = [
    'hostname' => 'localhost',
    'port' => 8983,
    'path' => '/solr/core_name',
];

$client = new Solarium\Client($options);
$query = $client->createSelect();
$query->setQuery('content:关键词');
$result = $client->select($query);

使用纯PHP实现简易搜索

对于小型应用，可以使用PHP字符串函数实现基础搜索：

function simpleSearch($text, $keyword) {
    $lines = explode("\n", $text);
    $results = [];

    foreach ($lines as $line) {
        if (stripos($line, $keyword) !== false) {
            $results[] = $line;
        }
    }

    return $results;
}