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php搜索功能实现

2026-02-13 13:35:23PHP

PHP 搜索功能实现

在 PHP 中实现搜索功能通常涉及数据库查询、表单处理和结果展示。以下是几种常见的实现方法。

基础数据库搜索

使用 MySQL 数据库和 PHP 实现简单搜索功能：

// 连接数据库
$conn = new mysqli('localhost', 'username', 'password', 'database');

// 获取搜索关键词
$search_term = isset($_GET['search']) ? $_GET['search'] : '';

// 执行查询
if (!empty($search_term)) {
    $stmt = $conn->prepare("SELECT * FROM products WHERE name LIKE ?");
    $search_term = "%$search_term%";
    $stmt->bind_param("s", $search_term);
    $stmt->execute();
    $result = $stmt->get_result();
} else {
    $result = $conn->query("SELECT * FROM products");
}

// 显示结果
while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
    echo $row['name'] . "<br>";
}

// 关闭连接
$conn->close();

表单处理

创建搜索表单的 HTML：

<form action="search.php" method="get">
    <input type="text" name="search" placeholder="输入搜索内容">
    <button type="submit">搜索</button>
</form>

高级搜索功能

实现多条件搜索：

$search_name = $_GET['name'] ?? '';
$search_category = $_GET['category'] ?? '';

$query = "SELECT * FROM products WHERE 1=1";
$params = [];

if (!empty($search_name)) {
    $query .= " AND name LIKE ?";
    $params[] = "%$search_name%";
}

if (!empty($search_category)) {
    $query .= " AND category_id = ?";
    $params[] = $search_category;
}

$stmt = $conn->prepare($query);
if (!empty($params)) {
    $types = str_repeat('s', count($params));
    $stmt->bind_param($types, ...$params);
}

全文搜索

对于更高效的文本搜索，可以使用 MySQL 的全文索引：

-- 创建全文索引
ALTER TABLE articles ADD FULLTEXT(title, content);

PHP 中使用全文搜索：

$search_term = $_GET['search'] ?? '';
if (!empty($search_term)) {
    $stmt = $conn->prepare("
        SELECT * FROM articles 
        WHERE MATCH(title, content) AGAINST(? IN NATURAL LANGUAGE MODE)
    ");
    $stmt->bind_param("s", $search_term);
    $stmt->execute();
    $result = $stmt->get_result();
}

分页处理

为搜索结果添加分页功能：

$page = isset($_GET['page']) ? (int)$_GET['page'] : 1;
$per_page = 10;
$offset = ($page - 1) * $per_page;

$query = "SELECT * FROM products WHERE name LIKE ? LIMIT ? OFFSET ?";
$search_term = "%$search_term%";
$stmt = $conn->prepare($query);
$stmt->bind_param("sii", $search_term, $per_page, $offset);