当前位置：首页 > VUE

vue实现头像上传

2026-02-10 23:36:11VUE

Vue 实现头像上传功能

前端实现

使用 Vue 结合 Element UI 或其他 UI 库可以快速实现头像上传功能。以下是一个基于 Element UI 的实现示例：

<template>
  <div>
    <el-upload
      class="avatar-uploader"
      action="/api/upload"
      :show-file-list="false"
      :on-success="handleAvatarSuccess"
      :before-upload="beforeAvatarUpload">
      <img v-if="imageUrl" :src="imageUrl" class="avatar">
      <i v-else class="el-icon-plus avatar-uploader-icon"></i>
    </el-upload>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      imageUrl: ''
    };
  },
  methods: {
    handleAvatarSuccess(res, file) {
      this.imageUrl = URL.createObjectURL(file.raw);
    },
    beforeAvatarUpload(file) {
      const isJPG = file.type === 'image/jpeg';
      const isPNG = file.type === 'image/png';
      const isLt2M = file.size / 1024 / 1024 < 2;

      if (!(isJPG || isPNG)) {
        this.$message.error('上传头像图片只能是 JPG/PNG 格式!');
      }
      if (!isLt2M) {
        this.$message.error('上传头像图片大小不能超过 2MB!');
      }
      return (isJPG || isPNG) && isLt2M;
    }
  }
};
</script>

<style>
.avatar-uploader .el-upload {
  border: 1px dashed #d9d9d9;
  border-radius: 6px;
  cursor: pointer;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.avatar-uploader .el-upload:hover {
  border-color: #409EFF;
}
.avatar-uploader-icon {
  font-size: 28px;
  color: #8c939d;
  width: 178px;
  height: 178px;
  line-height: 178px;
  text-align: center;
}
.avatar {
  width: 178px;
  height: 178px;
  display: block;
}
</style>

后端处理

后端需要接收上传的文件并保存。以下是 Node.js Express 的示例代码：

const express = require('express');
const multer = require('multer');
const path = require('path');

const app = express();
const upload = multer({ dest: 'uploads/' });

app.post('/api/upload', upload.single('file'), (req, res) => {
  if (!req.file) {
    return res.status(400).send('No file uploaded.');
  }

  const fileExt = path.extname(req.file.originalname).toLowerCase();
  const newFilename = `${req.file.filename}${fileExt}`;

  fs.renameSync(req.file.path, path.join('uploads', newFilename));

  res.json({
    success: true,
    url: `/uploads/${newFilename}`
  });
});

app.listen(3000, () => {
  console.log('Server started on port 3000');
});

图片裁剪功能

如果需要添加图片裁剪功能，可以使用 cropperjs 库：

<template>
  <div>
    <input type="file" @change="setImage" accept="image/*">
    <div v-if="imageSrc">
      <img ref="image" :src="imageSrc">
      <button @click="cropImage">裁剪</button>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import Cropper from 'cropperjs';

export default {
  data() {
    return {
      imageSrc: '',
      cropper: null
    };
  },
  methods: {
    setImage(e) {
      const file = e.target.files[0];
      if (!file) return;

      const reader = new FileReader();
      reader.onload = (event) => {
        this.imageSrc = event.target.result;
        this.$nextTick(() => {
          this.cropper = new Cropper(this.$refs.image, {
            aspectRatio: 1,
            viewMode: 1
          });
        });
      };
      reader.readAsDataURL(file);
    },
    cropImage() {
      const canvas = this.cropper.getCroppedCanvas();
      canvas.toBlob((blob) => {
        // 处理裁剪后的图片
      }, 'image/jpeg');
    }
  }
};
</script>