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vue实现对话框效果

2026-02-09 19:11:40VUE

Vue 对话框实现方法

使用 Vue 原生语法

通过 v-if 或 v-show 控制对话框显示，结合 CSS 过渡动画：

<template>
  <button @click="showDialog = true">打开对话框</button>
  <div class="dialog-mask" v-if="showDialog" @click.self="closeDialog">
    <div class="dialog-content">
      <h3>标题</h3>
      <p>对话框内容</p>
      <button @click="closeDialog">关闭</button>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      showDialog: false
    }
  },
  methods: {
    closeDialog() {
      this.showDialog = false
    }
  }
}
</script>

<style>
.dialog-mask {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.dialog-content {
  background: white;
  padding: 20px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  min-width: 300px;
}
</style>

使用第三方组件库

Element UI 对话框示例：

<template>
  <el-button @click="dialogVisible = true">打开对话框</el-button>
  <el-dialog
    title="提示"
    :visible.sync="dialogVisible"
    width="30%">
    <span>这是一段内容</span>
    <span slot="footer">
      <el-button @click="dialogVisible = false">取消</el-button>
      <el-button type="primary" @click="dialogVisible = false">确定</el-button>
    </span>
  </el-dialog>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  data() {
    return {
      dialogVisible: false
    }
  }
}
</script>

Vue 3 Composition API 实现

<template>
  <button @click="openDialog">打开对话框</button>
  <Teleport to="body">
    <div v-if="isOpen" class="dialog">
      <div class="dialog-content">
        <slot></slot>
        <button @click="closeDialog">关闭</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  </Teleport>
</template>

<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'

const isOpen = ref(false)

const openDialog = () => {
  isOpen.value = true
}

const closeDialog = () => {
  isOpen.value = false
}
</script>

动态组件方式

创建可复用的对话框组件：

// Dialog.vue
export default {
  props: {
    show: Boolean,
    title: String
  },
  emits: ['close'],
  setup(props, { emit }) {
    const close = () => {
      emit('close')
    }
    return { close }
  }
}

使用 Vuex 管理对话框状态

适合大型应用中的状态管理：

// store.js
export default new Vuex.Store({
  state: {
    dialog: {
      show: false,
      content: ''
    }
  },
  mutations: {
    showDialog(state, content) {
      state.dialog.show = true
      state.dialog.content = content
    },
    hideDialog(state) {
      state.dialog.show = false
    }
  }
})

vue实现对话框效果