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java 如何开启线程

2026-02-04 20:41:24Java

开启线程的方法

在 Java 中开启线程可以通过多种方式实现，以下是几种常见的方法：

继承 Thread 类

通过继承 Thread 类并重写 run() 方法，可以创建并启动线程：

class MyThread extends Thread {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("Thread is running");
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyThread thread = new MyThread();
        thread.start();
    }
}

实现 Runnable 接口

通过实现 Runnable 接口并重写 run() 方法，可以避免单继承的限制：

class MyRunnable implements Runnable {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("Thread is running");
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread thread = new Thread(new MyRunnable());
        thread.start();
    }
}

使用 Lambda 表达式

利用 Lambda 表达式简化 Runnable 接口的实现：

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread thread = new Thread(() -> {
            System.out.println("Thread is running");
        });
        thread.start();
    }
}

使用 ExecutorService

通过 ExecutorService 可以更高效地管理线程池：

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
        executor.submit(() -> {
            System.out.println("Thread is running");
        });
        executor.shutdown();
    }
}

使用 Callable 和 Future

Callable 接口可以返回执行结果，适用于需要获取线程执行结果的场景：

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
        Future<String> future = executor.submit(new Callable<String>() {
            @Override
            public String call() throws Exception {
                return "Thread result";
            }
        });
        System.out.println(future.get());
        executor.shutdown();
    }
}