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java如何打印机

2026-02-04 19:57:22Java

以下是关于Java打印机的几种实现方法，涵盖常见场景和API使用：

打印文本到物理打印机

使用javax.print API实现基础打印功能：

import javax.print.*;
import javax.print.attribute.*;
import java.io.*;

public class TextPrinter {
    public static void print(String text) throws PrintException {
        DocFlavor flavor = DocFlavor.STRING.TEXT_PLAIN;
        PrintService[] services = PrintServiceLookup.lookupPrintServices(flavor, null);

        if (services.length > 0) {
            DocPrintJob job = services[0].createPrintJob();
            SimpleAttributeSet attrs = new SimpleAttributeSet();
            Doc doc = new SimpleDoc(text, flavor, null);
            job.print(doc, attrs);
        }
    }
}

打印图形或PDF文档

使用PrinterJob类打印图形内容：

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.print.*;

public class GraphicPrinter implements Printable {
    @Override
    public int print(Graphics g, PageFormat pf, int page) {
        if (page > 0) return NO_SUCH_PAGE;

        Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D)g;
        g2d.translate(pf.getImageableX(), pf.getImageableY());
        g2d.drawString("Hello Printer", 100, 100);
        return PAGE_EXISTS;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        PrinterJob job = PrinterJob.getPrinterJob();
        job.setPrintable(new GraphicPrinter());
        if (job.printDialog()) {
            try {
                job.print();
            } catch (PrinterException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

使用第三方库打印PDF

添加Apache PDFBox依赖（Maven）：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.pdfbox</groupId>
    <artifactId>pdfbox</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.27</version>
</dependency>

打印PDF示例代码：

import org.apache.pdfbox.pdmodel.PDDocument;
import org.apache.pdfbox.printing.PDFPageable;
import java.awt.print.PrinterJob;
import java.io.File;

public class PDFPrinter {
    public static void printPDF(String filePath) throws Exception {
        PDDocument doc = PDDocument.load(new File(filePath));
        PrinterJob job = PrinterJob.getPrinterJob();
        job.setPageable(new PDFPageable(doc));
        if (job.printDialog()) {
            job.print();
        }
        doc.close();
    }
}

打印机状态监控

通过PrintServiceAttributeListener监听打印机状态：

import javax.print.event.*;

public class PrinterMonitor implements PrintServiceAttributeListener {
    @Override
    public void attributeUpdate(PrintServiceAttributeEvent psae) {
        System.out.println("Printer state changed: " + psae.getAttributes());
    }

    public static void registerListener(PrintService service) {
        service.addPrintServiceAttributeListener(new PrinterMonitor());
    }
}