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js实现迷宫游戏

2026-01-30 18:35:52JavaScript

实现迷宫游戏的基本思路

迷宫游戏的核心包括迷宫生成、玩家移动控制和碰撞检测。以下是使用JavaScript实现的基本步骤。

迷宫生成算法

深度优先搜索（DFS）是常用的迷宫生成算法。通过递归或栈实现随机路径生成，确保迷宫有解。

function generateMaze(width, height) {
    const grid = Array(height).fill().map(() => Array(width).fill(1));
    const stack = [];
    const start = { x: 1, y: 1 };
    grid[start.y][start.x] = 0;
    stack.push(start);

    while (stack.length) {
        const current = stack.pop();
        const neighbors = getUnvisitedNeighbors(current, grid);
        if (neighbors.length) {
            stack.push(current);
            const next = neighbors[Math.floor(Math.random() * neighbors.length)];
            grid[next.y][next.x] = 0;
            stack.push(next);
        }
    }
    return grid;
}

function getUnvisitedNeighbors(cell, grid) {
    const dirs = [[0, 2], [2, 0], [0, -2], [-2, 0]];
    return dirs.map(([dx, dy]) => ({ x: cell.x + dx, y: cell.y + dy }))
        .filter(next => 
            next.x > 0 && next.y > 0 && 
            next.x < grid[0].length - 1 && 
            next.y < grid.length - 1 && 
            grid[next.y][next.x] === 1
        );
}

渲染迷宫到Canvas

使用HTML Canvas绘制迷宫，1表示墙，0表示通路。

function drawMaze(ctx, maze, cellSize) {
    ctx.fillStyle = 'black';
    for (let y = 0; y < maze.length; y++) {
        for (let x = 0; x < maze[y].length; x++) {
            if (maze[y][x] === 1) {
                ctx.fillRect(x * cellSize, y * cellSize, cellSize, cellSize);
            }
        }
    }
}

玩家控制与移动

监听键盘事件控制玩家移动，并检测是否碰撞墙壁。

const player = { x: 1, y: 1, size: 10 };
document.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
    const prevPos = { ...player };
    if (e.key === 'ArrowUp') player.y--;
    if (e.key === 'ArrowDown') player.y++;
    if (e.key === 'ArrowLeft') player.x--;
    if (e.key === 'ArrowRight') player.x++;

    // 碰撞检测
    if (maze[player.y][player.x] === 1) {
        Object.assign(player, prevPos);
    }
    redraw();
});

完整示例代码

整合生成、渲染和控制逻辑的完整示例：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<canvas id="mazeCanvas" width="400" height="400"></canvas>
<script>
    const canvas = document.getElementById('mazeCanvas');
    const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
    const cellSize = 20;
    const maze = generateMaze(20, 20);
    const player = { x: 1, y: 1, size: cellSize / 2 };

    function redraw() {
        ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
        drawMaze(ctx, maze, cellSize);
        ctx.fillStyle = 'red';
        ctx.fillRect(
            player.x * cellSize + (cellSize - player.size) / 2,
            player.y * cellSize + (cellSize - player.size) / 2,
            player.size,
            player.size
        );
    }

    document.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
        const prevPos = { ...player };
        if (e.key === 'ArrowUp') player.y--;
        if (e.key === 'ArrowDown') player.y++;
        if (e.key === 'ArrowLeft') player.x--;
        if (e.key === 'ArrowRight') player.x++;

        if (maze[player.y][player.x] === 1) {
            Object.assign(player, prevPos);
        }
        redraw();
    });

    redraw();
</script>
</body>
</html>