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PHP实现excel

2026-01-29 11:05:23PHP

PHP 实现 Excel 操作

读取 Excel 文件

使用 PHP 读取 Excel 文件可以通过 PhpSpreadsheet 库实现。安装该库可以通过 Composer：

composer require phpoffice/phpspreadsheet

读取 Excel 文件的基本代码示例：

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory;

$inputFileName = 'example.xlsx';
$spreadsheet = IOFactory::load($inputFileName);
$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

foreach ($sheet->getRowIterator() as $row) {
    $cellIterator = $row->getCellIterator();
    $cellIterator->setIterateOnlyExistingCells(false);

    foreach ($cellIterator as $cell) {
        echo $cell->getValue() . "\t";
    }
    echo "\n";
}

写入 Excel 文件

使用 PhpSpreadsheet 创建和写入 Excel 文件的示例：

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;

$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

$sheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Hello');
$sheet->setCellValue('B1', 'World');

$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
$writer->save('output.xlsx');

导出 Excel 文件

将数据导出为 Excel 文件并直接下载：

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;

$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();

$sheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Name');
$sheet->setCellValue('B1', 'Email');

header('Content-Type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet');
header('Content-Disposition: attachment;filename="export.xlsx"');
header('Cache-Control: max-age=0');

$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
$writer->save('php://output');
exit;

处理 CSV 文件

如果需要处理 CSV 文件，可以使用 PHP 内置函数：

// 读取 CSV
if (($handle = fopen("input.csv", "r")) !== false) {
    while (($data = fgetcsv($handle, 1000, ",")) !== false) {
        print_r($data);
    }
    fclose($handle);
}

// 写入 CSV
$list = [['Name', 'Email'], ['John', 'john@example.com']];
$fp = fopen('output.csv', 'w');
foreach ($list as $fields) {
    fputcsv($fp, $fields);
}
fclose($fp);