vue实现导航图
Vue 实现导航图的方法
使用 Vue Router 实现基本导航
安装 Vue Router 依赖：
npm install vue-router在项目中配置路由：
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'
import Home from './views/Home.vue'
import About from './views/About.vue'
const routes = [
{ path: '/', component: Home },
{ path: '/about', component: About }
]
const router = createRouter({
history: createWebHistory(),
routes
})
export default router在主文件中引入并使用路由：
import { createApp } from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router'
const app = createApp(App)
app.use(router)
app.mount('#app')在模板中使用导航链接
使用 <router-link> 组件创建导航：
<template>
<div id="app">
<nav>
<router-link to="/">Home</router-link>
<router-link to="/about">About</router-link>
</nav>
<router-view/>
</div>
</template>动态路由匹配
配置带参数的路由：
const routes = [
{ path: '/user/:id', component: User }
]在组件中访问路由参数：
import { useRoute } from 'vue-router'
export default {
setup() {
const route = useRoute()
return {
userId: computed(() => route.params.id)
}
}
}嵌套路由
定义嵌套路由配置：
const routes = [
{
path: '/user/:id',
component: User,
children: [
{ path: 'profile', component: UserProfile },
{ path: 'posts', component: UserPosts }
]
}
]在父组件中添加 <router-view>：
<template>
<div class="user">
<h2>User {{ $route.params.id }}</h2>
<router-view/>
</div>
</template>编程式导航
在组件方法中进行导航跳转：
import { useRouter } from 'vue-router'
export default {
setup() {
const router = useRouter()
const navigate = () => {
router.push('/about')
// 或 router.push({ path: '/about' })
}
return { navigate }
}
}导航守卫
添加全局前置守卫：
router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
// 验证逻辑
if (to.meta.requiresAuth && !isAuthenticated) {
next('/login')
} else {
next()
}
})添加路由独享守卫：
const routes = [
{
path: '/admin',
component: Admin,
beforeEnter: (to, from, next) => {
// 验证逻辑
}
}
]路由元信息
定义路由元字段：
const routes = [
{
path: '/profile',
component: Profile,
meta: { requiresAuth: true }
}
]过渡动效
为路由视图添加过渡效果：
<template>
<router-view v-slot="{ Component }">
<transition name="fade">
<component :is="Component" />
</transition>
</router-view>
</template>
<style>
.fade-enter-active, .fade-leave-active {
transition: opacity 0.5s;
}
.fade-enter, .fade-leave-to {
opacity: 0;
}
</style>
