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java如何压缩文件

2026-03-03 19:04:49Java

使用 `java.util.zip` 进行文件压缩

Java 提供了 java.util.zip 包用于文件压缩和解压缩操作。以下是一个简单的示例，展示如何将一个文件压缩为 ZIP 格式：

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;
import java.util.zip.ZipOutputStream;

public class ZipFileExample {
    public static void zipFile(String sourceFilePath, String zipFilePath) throws IOException {
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(zipFilePath);
        ZipOutputStream zipOut = new ZipOutputStream(fos);
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(sourceFilePath);

        ZipEntry zipEntry = new ZipEntry(new File(sourceFilePath).getName());
        zipOut.putNextEntry(zipEntry);

        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        int length;
        while ((length = fis.read(bytes)) >= 0) {
            zipOut.write(bytes, 0, length);
        }

        zipOut.close();
        fis.close();
        fos.close();
    }
}

压缩多个文件或目录

如果需要压缩多个文件或整个目录，可以使用递归方法遍历目录结构：

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;
import java.util.zip.ZipOutputStream;

public class ZipDirectoryExample {
    public static void zipDirectory(String sourceDirPath, String zipFilePath) throws IOException {
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(zipFilePath);
        ZipOutputStream zipOut = new ZipOutputStream(fos);
        File fileToZip = new File(sourceDirPath);

        zipFile(fileToZip, fileToZip.getName(), zipOut);
        zipOut.close();
        fos.close();
    }

    private static void zipFile(File fileToZip, String fileName, ZipOutputStream zipOut) throws IOException {
        if (fileToZip.isHidden()) {
            return;
        }
        if (fileToZip.isDirectory()) {
            File[] children = fileToZip.listFiles();
            for (File childFile : children) {
                zipFile(childFile, fileName + "/" + childFile.getName(), zipOut);
            }
            return;
        }
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(fileToZip);
        ZipEntry zipEntry = new ZipEntry(fileName);
        zipOut.putNextEntry(zipEntry);
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        int length;
        while ((length = fis.read(bytes)) >= 0) {
            zipOut.write(bytes, 0, length);
        }
        fis.close();
    }
}

使用 Apache Commons Compress 库

如果需要更灵活的压缩功能（如支持多种压缩格式），可以使用 Apache Commons Compress 库：

java如何压缩文件

import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipArchiveEntry;
import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipArchiveOutputStream;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CommonsCompressExample {
    public static void zipWithCommonsCompress(String sourcePath, String targetPath) throws IOException {
        try (ZipArchiveOutputStream archive = new ZipArchiveOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(targetPath))) {
            File file = new File(sourcePath);
            addFileToArchive(archive, file, "");
        }
    }

    private static void addFileToArchive(ZipArchiveOutputStream archive, File file, String base) throws IOException {
        String entryName = base + file.getName();
        ZipArchiveEntry entry = new ZipArchiveEntry(file, entryName);
        archive.putArchiveEntry(entry);

        if (file.isFile()) {
            try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file)) {
                IOUtils.copy(fis, archive);
            }
            archive.closeArchiveEntry();
        } else {
            archive.closeArchiveEntry();
            File[] children = file.listFiles();
            if (children != null) {
                for (File child : children) {
                    addFileToArchive(archive, child, entryName + "/");
                }
            }
        }
    }
}