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js实现sha1

2026-03-01 16:55:56JavaScript

使用原生 JavaScript 实现 SHA-1

SHA-1（安全散列算法 1）是一种常见的加密哈希函数。以下是原生 JavaScript 的实现方法：

function sha1(msg) {
    function rotate_left(n, s) {
        return (n << s) | (n >>> (32 - s));
    }

    function lsb_hex(val) {
        let str = '';
        for (let i = 0; i <= 6; i += 2) {
            str += String.fromCharCode(parseInt(val.substr(i, 2), 16));
        }
        return str;
    }

    function cvt_hex(val) {
        let str = '';
        for (let i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
            str += ((val >>> (i * 4)) & 0x0f).toString(16);
        }
        return str;
    }

    msg = msg + String.fromCharCode(0x80);
    while ((msg.length % 64) < 56) {
        msg += String.fromCharCode(0x00);
    }
    msg += lsb_hex((msg.length / 4).toString(16).padStart(16, '0'));

    const block_size = 16;
    const word_array = [];
    for (let i = 0; i < msg.length; i += 4) {
        word_array.push(
            (msg.charCodeAt(i) << 24) |
            (msg.charCodeAt(i + 1) << 16) |
            (msg.charCodeAt(i + 2) << 8) |
            msg.charCodeAt(i + 3)
        );
    }

    let h0 = 0x67452301;
    let h1 = 0xEFCDAB89;
    let h2 = 0x98BADCFE;
    let h3 = 0x10325476;
    let h4 = 0xC3D2E1F0;

    for (let block_start = 0; block_start < word_array.length; block_start += block_size) {
        const w = new Array(80);
        for (let i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
            w[i] = word_array[block_start + i];
        }
        for (let i = 16; i < 80; i++) {
            w[i] = rotate_left(w[i - 3] ^ w[i - 8] ^ w[i - 14] ^ w[i - 16], 1);
        }

        let a = h0;
        let b = h1;
        let c = h2;
        let d = h3;
        let e = h4;

        for (let i = 0; i < 80; i++) {
            let f, k;
            if (i < 20) {
                f = (b & c) | ((~b) & d);
                k = 0x5A827999;
            } else if (i < 40) {
                f = b ^ c ^ d;
                k = 0x6ED9EBA1;
            } else if (i < 60) {
                f = (b & c) | (b & d) | (c & d);
                k = 0x8F1BBCDC;
            } else {
                f = b ^ c ^ d;
                k = 0xCA62C1D6;
            }

            const temp = (rotate_left(a, 5) + f + e + k + w[i]) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
            e = d;
            d = c;
            c = rotate_left(b, 30);
            b = a;
            a = temp;
        }

        h0 = (h0 + a) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
        h1 = (h1 + b) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
        h2 = (h2 + c) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
        h3 = (h3 + d) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
        h4 = (h4 + e) & 0xFFFFFFFF;
    }

    return cvt_hex(h0) + cvt_hex(h1) + cvt_hex(h2) + cvt_hex(h3) + cvt_hex(h4);
}

使用 Web Crypto API 实现 SHA-1

现代浏览器提供了更高效的加密 API：

async function sha1(message) {
    const msgBuffer = new TextEncoder().encode(message);
    const hashBuffer = await crypto.subtle.digest('SHA-1', msgBuffer);
    const hashArray = Array.from(new Uint8Array(hashBuffer));
    return hashArray.map(b => b.toString(16).padStart(2, '0')).join('');
}

// 使用示例
sha1('hello').then(console.log);  // 输出: aaf4c61ddcc5e8a2dabede0f3b482cd9aea9434d

使用第三方库实现 SHA-1

对于 Node.js 或需要更全面解决方案的场景，可以使用 crypto 模块或第三方库：

Node.js 内置 crypto 模块：

const crypto = require('crypto');
function sha1(input) {
    return crypto.createHash('sha1').update(input).digest('hex');
}

使用 jsSHA 库：

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jsSHA/3.2.0/sha.js"></script>
<script>
    const shaObj = new jsSHA("SHA-1", "TEXT");
    shaObj.update("message");
    const hash = shaObj.getHash("HEX");
</script>