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php实现对excel

2026-01-30 07:30:52PHP

PHP 实现 Excel 操作

PHP 可以通过多种方式实现对 Excel 文件的读取、写入和操作。以下是几种常用的方法：

使用 PhpSpreadsheet 库

PhpSpreadsheet 是一个流行的 PHP 库，用于处理 Excel 文件（支持 .xlsx、.xls、.csv 等格式）。安装方法如下：

composer require phpoffice/phpspreadsheet

读取 Excel 文件

require 'vendor/autoload.php';
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory;

$spreadsheet = IOFactory::load("example.xlsx");
$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();
foreach ($sheet->getRowIterator() as $row) {
    foreach ($row->getCellIterator() as $cell) {
        echo $cell->getValue() . "\t";
    }
    echo "\n";
}

写入 Excel 文件

php实现对excel

use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;

$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();
$sheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Hello World !');

$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
$writer->save('hello_world.xlsx');

使用 PHPExcel（旧版）

PHPExcel 是 PhpSpreadsheet 的前身，目前已停止维护，但部分旧项目可能仍在使用。

require 'PHPExcel.php';
$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0)
            ->setCellValue('A1', 'Hello')
            ->setCellValue('B1', 'World');

$objWriter = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($objPHPExcel, 'Excel2007');
$objWriter->save('example.xlsx');

使用原生 PHP 导出 CSV

对于简单的数据导出，可以直接生成 CSV 文件：

php实现对excel

$data = [
    ['Name', 'Email'],
    ['John Doe', 'john@example.com'],
    ['Jane Doe', 'jane@example.com']
];

$fp = fopen('export.csv', 'w');
foreach ($data as $row) {
    fputcsv($fp, $row);
}
fclose($fp);

使用 Box/Spout 库

Box/Spout 是一个高性能的 Excel 和 CSV 读写库，适合处理大型文件。

composer require box/spout

读取 Excel

use Box\Spout\Reader\Common\Creator\ReaderEntityFactory;

$reader = ReaderEntityFactory::createXLSXReader();
$reader->open('example.xlsx');

foreach ($reader->getSheetIterator() as $sheet) {
    foreach ($sheet->getRowIterator() as $row) {
        print_r($row->toArray());
    }
}
$reader->close();

写入 Excel

use Box\Spout\Writer\Common\Creator\WriterEntityFactory;

$writer = WriterEntityFactory::createXLSXWriter();
$writer->openToFile('output.xlsx');

$row = WriterEntityFactory::createRowFromArray(['Name', 'Age']);
$writer->addRow($row);
$writer->close();